我们正在了解更多关于声音在火星上如何传播的信息
将人类送上火星是NASA来的最大目标之一。事实上，该航天局已经计划在未来20年内对红色星球进行一次双人飞行任务。眼下，科学家们正在了解的一件事是，声音是如何在这颗红色星球上传播的。
上个月，研究人员在《自然》上发表了一项新研究的报告，其对毅力号在火星上捕获的声音进行了分析。现在，很明显，任何这些录音总是会捕捉到火星车的机械装置发出的零碎声音。但研究人员发现，声音在火星上的传播方式会随着温度的变化而变化。
研究小组发现，在大部分时间里，红色星球都安静得可怕。鉴于它是一个几乎没有任何大气层的贫瘠、寒冷的荒地，这并不令人意外。然而研究人员还发现，在火星上记录的声音比在地球上记录的相同声音低20分贝。此外，他们还发现，高频的声音似乎比低频的声音移动得更快。
因此，火星的声景是我们迄今为止发现的更耐人寻味的一个。而且由于这个星球的大气成分在一年的循环中不断变化，声音在火星上传播的方式也会发生变化。
构成和速度
洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室的Baptiste Chide指出，在某些时候，来自毅力号的音频是如此得安静，以至于团队认为火星车的麦克风坏掉了。当他们继续聆听时，他们发现声音在火星上的传播方式会随着火星表面温度的降低而改变。
Chide在一份声明中不碍事火星是太阳系中唯一一个在可听带宽内发生这种情况的地方，这是因为构成大气的二氧化碳分子具有独特的特性。而随着火星冬季的到来，极冠中的二氧化碳将开始结冰。
当这种情况发生时，大气层的密度会发生变化，这使得环境的响度出现高达20%的变化。科学家们将继续研究毅力号记录的音频。这将无疑帮助我们人类更好地了解声音在火星上的传播方式，甚至更多。不过现在，我们至少知道，红色星球上的大气层正在扼杀一些噪音。
此外，研究人员表示，到目前为止，阵风的声音是人类在火星上采集到的唯一自然声音。
We are learning more about how sound travels on Mars.
Sending humans to Mars is one of the biggest goals of NASA. In fact, the space agency has planned a two-man mission to the Red Planet in the next 20 years. Right now, one of the things that scientists are learning is how sound travels on the red planet.
Last month, researchers published a new study in the journal Nature that analyzed the sounds captured by perseverance on Mars. Now, it is clear that any of these recordings will always capture the piecemeal sound of the rover’s mechanism. But the researchers found that the way sound travels on Mars changes with temperature.
The team found that the Red Planet was dreadfully quiet most of the time. This is not surprising given that it is a barren, cold wasteland with almost no atmosphere. However, the researchers also found that the sound recorded on Mars was 20 decibels lower than the same sound recorded on Earth. In addition, they found that high-frequency sounds seemed to move faster than low-frequency sounds.
Therefore, the soundscape of Mars is one of the more intriguing we have found so far. And because the composition of the planet’s atmosphere changes over the course of the year, so does the way sound travels on Mars.
Composition and speed
Baptiste Chide of Los Alamos National Laboratory points out that at some point, the audio from perseverance is so quiet that the team thinks the rover’s microphone is broken. As they continued to listen, they found that the way sound travels on Mars will change as the temperature on the Martian surface drops.
Chide said in a statement that Mars is the only place in the solar system where this happens within audible bandwidth because of the unique properties of the carbon dioxide molecules that make up the atmosphere. With the arrival of Martian winter, the carbon dioxide in the polar cap will begin to freeze.
When this happens, the density of the atmosphere changes, causing the loudness of the environment to change by up to 20%. Scientists will continue to study the audio recorded by perseverance. This will undoubtedly help us humans better understand the way sound travels on Mars, and even more. For now, however, we at least know that the atmosphere on the Red Planet is killing some noise.
In addition, the researchers say that so far, the sound of gusts is the only natural sound that humans have collected on Mars.
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