也就是说，你在网络平台上的一言一行，都会带上一个显示地理位置的“小尾巴”。不过，这个看似不大的变化，却在网络上引发了不小的“蝴蝶效应”。
虽然吃瓜群众们会饶有兴致地看着不少真实IP属地被公开的网红、大V们纷纷人设翻车，水军喷子假代购们无处遁形，但也会产生疑问：IP属地信息被公开显示会不会暴露个人隐私？显示出的IP属地信息可信吗？会不会被人轻易修改？
IP属地“炸没”人设，网红、KOL、代购们慌了？
IP属地显示之后，不少明星网红、KOL大V、主播代购的“人设”碎了一地。
某顶流明星曾回复粉丝留言而让粉丝感动“破防”，但如今这条显示IP属地在北京的微博发布时，这位明星其实正身在外地片场，可见“宠粉”的并不是本人。
有网友发现，一大批“来酱在东京”“NaNa在英国”“美国兔兔妈”……分享国外生活点滴的社交账号，在纷纷改名，因为其IP属地其实在广东、天津、山东……
而主打本地资讯的账号“北京人的那些事”的IP属地在湖南，“深圳吃喝玩乐”“成都美食搜罗”“广州吃喝汇集”……也都在湖南。
害怕“现原形”的还有代购们，为了获得客户的信任，代购们会经常发一些国外的生活日常，但这很可能也是个“人设”。
“因为我的微博、小红书显示了IP属地在辽宁，很多老客户都在要求退货。”一直做日本代购的宁宁委屈地告诉《中国经济周刊》记者，她之前在日本读书期间开始做代购，积累了不少客户，疫情回国后，她只能和日本同学合作，同学在日本负责采购，她在国内负责运营平台账号拉客户和发货。
但这套解释并不能说服所有客户，宁宁的订单明显变少了。“我知道有很多代购是假的，还有一些盗我们的图和视频骗人。”宁宁也很无奈。
实际上，各网络平台纷纷上线此功能，是响应了去年国家互联网信息办公室关于《互联网用户账号名称信息管理规定（征求意见稿）》中的相关要求。其中明确规定，互联网用户账号服务平台应当以显著方式，在互联网用户账号信息页面展示账号IP地址属地信息。境内互联网用户账号IP地址属地信息需标注到省（区、市），境外账号IP地址属地信息需标注到国家（地区）。
“从网络安全角度上来讲，公开IP属地可以有效防范诈骗、便于用户识别虚假信息，一定程度帮助网友提升鉴别网络信息的能力，提升了网络内容的真实性和透明度。”360安全专家葛健告诉《中国经济周刊》。
6块6就能修改IP属地？安全专家提醒风险
什么是“IP属地”？所有上网设备都会被分配一个IP地址，而每个IP地址都有一个归属地，这就是你的IP属地。简单来说，就是你上网行为发生的具体地理位置。
那么，用户的IP属地被公开显示，是否侵犯了个人隐私呢？
葛健表示，IP属地只显示省份一级，并未触及到个人信息的范围。而且在《互联网用户账号名称信息管理规定（征求意见稿）》 中也明确了，平台显示的是互联网用户账号的IP属地，并不对应到个人，所以也不属于个人信息。
虽然互联网平台公开IP属地并不会泄露你的隐私，但如果你出于各种目的去修改IP属地，就很有可能将自己的隐私拱手让出，甚至成为黑灰产的“猎物”。
记者发现，随着IP归属地功能的上线，付费“IP代理”的生意也火爆起来，6块6、8块8、9块9……多个电商网络平台上，都出现了叫卖IP属地修改服务的生意，可以单次单日购买，也可以包月、包年，费用在几百到千元左右。
虽然后续各个平台发现都陆续清理和下架了大量此类信息，但宁宁告诉记者，他们代购圈里很多人都能找到“挂梯子”（指“IP代理”）的，“成熟服务，不难，也不贵。”她说。
葛健也表示，修改IP的需求在互联网上是一直存在的，比如常常听到的“IP代理”服务，就能实现更换IP属地的功能。
据葛健介绍，用户使用“IP代理”的目的有很多，比如很多黑灰产的从业者会通过修改IP属地来伪装身份，以避免在溯源中暴露身份；“羊毛党”通过不断变换IP来反复“薅”促销优惠和红包；也有用户希望通过IP代理来进行网络加速，比如一些海外服务器的游戏，境内IP无法正常登陆或者网速会很慢；更常见的就是使用VPN来“翻墙”访问境外网站……
也就是说，“IP代理”其实是很常见、很成熟的网络技术，甚至已经形成商业化产品。但技术本身并没有善恶好坏，关键要看使用者的用途和目的。
有人叫卖IP属地修改服务
据葛健介绍，早期IP代理主要通过固网IP进行IP切换，并衍生出专门售卖IP代理资源的各类“VPN”。但由于IP资源的有限性，现有也有人开始采用“秒拨”方式的方式恶意获取运营商的IP资源。
“利用‘秒拨IP’，黑灰产分子能实现快速变换IP或指定IP归属地，绕过时间、地域、次数的限制，可直接绕过平台IP风控，这种成本低、隐蔽性高的秒拨IP，正在逐渐成为IP代理的新趋势。”葛健说。
此外，记者也从几家电商、社交平台处获悉，近期平台也在不断加大对于通过“IP代理”修改IP属地的防范力度。
但网络安全永远是“道高一尺魔高一丈”。比如，对于平台监管来说，秒拨IP会存在误判。“由于秒拨IP随机抽取，当该IP被秒拨团伙弃用，短时间内流转至正常用户手中时，平台若因为前者的‘薅’羊毛行为，封禁IP时，会影响正常用户的账户使用。”葛健说。
不过，多位安全专家都建议：用户不要尝试更改IP属地，更不要轻信“IP代理”商口中轻松简单，因为你很有可能成为黑灰产的“猎物”。
葛健表示，虽然在现行法律中，对于普通网民使用IP代理正常上网本身是没有相关的处罚规定的，但使用IP代理行为具有一定的风险性，因为很容易在过程中泄露浏览记录、账号密码等用户信息，一旦被黑客盯上窃取而被灰黑产利用，可能造成严重后果。
不过，非法IP代理在全国范围内一直都是被严厉打击的。来自公安部的数据显示，2021年，公安部在“净网2021”行动中，专门针对网络电视和“动态IP代理”等网上违法有害信息滋生的重点基础资源开展治理，并会同有关部门依法查处非法网络电视平台146个，关停非法宽带线路1.3万余条、宽带上网账号5千余个。
In other words, everything you say and do on the online platform will bring a “small tail” that shows the geographical location. However, this seemingly small change has caused a lot of “butterfly effect” on the Internet.
Although onlookers will watch with interest many online celebrities and Vs whose real IP territories have been made public, and water army fake purchasing agents have nowhere to hide, there will also be questions: will the public display of IP territorial information expose personal privacy? Is the IP territoriality information displayed credible? Will it be easily modified?
IP territory “bombed” people, Internet celebrities, KOL, purchasing agents panicked?
After the IP territory display, many star online celebrities, KOL big V, the anchor purchasing agent’s “human setting” has been broken.
A top star once responded to fan messages and moved fans to “break the defense”, but now the star is actually on another set when the Weibo, which shows that IP is in Beijing, is released, so it’s not the “favorite fan” himself.
Some netizens found that a large number of “Lai Sauce in Tokyo”, “NaNa in Britain”, “American Rabbit Mother”… Social accounts that share details of life abroad are changing their names one after another, because their IP territories are actually in Guangdong, Tianjin and Shandong.
On the other hand, the IP of the account “those things of Beijingers”, which focuses on local information, is located in Hunan, “Shenzhen eating, drinking and merrymaking”, “Chengdu food collection” and “Guangzhou eating and drinking collection”. They are all in Hunan.
There are also purchasing agents who are afraid of the “original form”. In order to gain the trust of customers, purchasing agents will often send some daily life abroad, but this is probably also a “human setting”.
“because my Weibo and Little Red Book show that IP is in Liaoning, a lot of regular customers are asking for returns.” Ning Ning, who has been working as a purchasing agent in Japan, aggrieved told China Economic Weekly that she began to work as a purchasing agent when she was studying in Japan and accumulated a lot of customers. after the epidemic returned home, she could only cooperate with her Japanese classmates, who were responsible for purchasing in Japan. she is responsible for operating platform accounts to pull customers and deliver goods in China.
But this set of explanations does not convince all customers that Ningning has significantly fewer orders. “I know that many purchasing agents are fake, and some steal our pictures and videos to deceive people.” Ning Ning is also very helpless.
In fact, various network platforms have launched this function one after another, in response to the relevant requirements of the “regulations on the Management of Internet user account name Information (draft for soliciting opinions)” issued by the State Internet Information Office last year. It clearly stipulates that the Internet user account service platform should display account IP address territoriality information on the Internet user account information page in a significant way. The territorial information of the IP address of the domestic Internet user account should be marked to the province (autonomous region and city), and the territorial information of the overseas account IP address should be marked to the country (region).
“from the perspective of network security, the disclosure of IP territory can effectively prevent fraud, facilitate users to identify false information, to a certain extent, help netizens improve the ability to identify network information, and improve the authenticity and transparency of network content.” 360 security expert GE Jian told China Economic Weekly.
Can you modify the IP dependency for $6.60? Security experts warn of risks
What is “IP dependency”? All Internet devices will be assigned an IP address, and each IP address has a home, which is your IP territory. To put it simply, it is the specific geographical location where your online behavior takes place.
So, is it a violation of personal privacy that the user’s IP is publicly displayed?
GE Jian said that the IP territory only shows at the provincial level and does not touch the scope of personal information. And in the “Internet user account name Information Management regulations (draft for soliciting opinions),” it is also clear that the platform shows the IP territory of Internet user accounts, which does not correspond to individuals, so it does not belong to personal information.
Although the disclosure of IP territories by Internet platforms will not reveal your privacy, if you modify IP territories for a variety of purposes, you are likely to cede your privacy and even become “prey” of black ash products.
The reporter found that with the launch of the IP home function, the business of paying “IP agents” is also booming, $6.6, $8.8, $9.9. On a number of e-commerce network platforms, there has been a business of hawking IP territorial modification services, which can be purchased on a single day, or on a monthly or annual basis, at a cost of about a few hundred to thousands of yuan.
Although various subsequent platforms have found that a large amount of such information has been cleaned up and removed from the shelves one after another, Ning Ning told reporters that many people in their purchasing agency circle can find “hanging ladders” (“IP agents”). “mature services are not difficult and expensive.” She said.
GE Jian also said that the need to modify IP has always existed on the Internet, such as the frequently heard “IP proxy” service, which can realize the function of changing IP territory.
According to GE Jian, users use “IP agent” for many purposes. For example, many practitioners of black gray products camouflage their identities by modifying their IP territories to avoid revealing their identities in tracing. “econnoisseur” repeatedly “offers” promotions and red packets by constantly changing IP. There are also users who want to accelerate the network through the IP agent, such as some overseas server games, the domestic IP can not log in normally or the network speed will be very slow; more common is to use VPN to “climb over the wall” to visit overseas websites.
In other words, “IP agent” is actually a very common and mature network technology, and even has formed a commercial product. But the technology itself is not good or bad, the key depends on the use and purpose of the user.
Some people hawk the IP territorial modification service
According to GE Jian, early IP agents mainly switched IP through fixed-line IP, and derived all kinds of “VPN” that specialize in selling IP agent resources. However, due to the limited IP resources, some people have begun to use the “second dial” way to maliciously obtain the IP resources of operators.
“the use of second dial IP’, black ash production molecules can quickly change IP or designate IP belonging places, bypass the restrictions of time, region and times, and directly bypass the risk control of platform IP. This kind of second dial IP with low cost and high concealment is gradually becoming a new trend of IP agents.” GE Jian said.
In addition, the reporter also learned from several e-commerce, social platform, the recent platform is also increasing through the “IP agent” to modify IP territory prevention efforts.
But network security will always be “as virtue rises one foot and vice rises ten”. For example, for platform regulation, second dial IP will be misjudged. “due to the random selection of the second dial IP, when the IP is abandoned by the second dial gang and transferred to the hands of normal users in a short period of time, if the platform closes the IP because of the former’s’ wool ‘behavior, it will affect the account use of normal users.” GE Jian said.
However, a number of security experts have advised: users should not try to change IP territory, let alone believe that the “IP agent” business is easy and simple, because you are likely to become the “prey” of black ash products.
GE Jian said that although in the current law, there are no relevant penalties for ordinary netizens to use IP agents to surf the Internet normally, using IP agents has a certain risk, because it is easy to disclose browsing records, account passwords and other user information in the process, and once it is targeted by hackers and used by gray underground industry, it may cause serious consequences.
However, illegal IP agents have been severely cracked down on across the country. Data from the Ministry of Public Security show that in 2021, during the “net 2021” operation, the Ministry of Public Security specifically targeted at network television and “dynamic IP agents” and other key basic resources for the breeding of illegal and harmful information on the Internet, and investigated and dealt with 146 illegal network television platforms in accordance with the law, and shut down more than 13000 illegal broadband lines and more than 5, 000 broadband Internet accounts.
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